![]() ![]() Taurine is one of the keys component of glucose homeostasis since it has insulin-like actions and prohibits ATP-sensitive K + channels thereby playing a crucial role in insulin secretion. Taurine has been studied in doses of 1 to 6 g/day (treatment duration range, 1 to 8 weeks) in a previous clinical trials. Some studies have stated that Taurine supplementation can reduce cardiovascular risk (CV) factors. Epidemiological investigations have confirmed a decline in plasma Taurine in diabetic subjects. Although biosynthesis is also strictly dependent upon the cysteine in the existence of cysteine dioxygenase, Taurine is mostly attained from dietary intakes, for instance, meat, seafood, and eggs. ![]() Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) is also an amino acid found in substantial amounts in mammalian tissues and can act as an antioxidant. In diabetes, many mechanisms including insulin resistance and oxidative stress may trigger endothelial dysfunction. Endothelial markers are described by a change in the activities of the endothelium towards reduced vasodilation, a proinflammatory state, and prothrombic properties. One possible link is endothelial markers, which have implicated in these conditions. However, the underlining mechanisms of these complications are not well understood. Individuals with T2DM are at a higher predictive risk of peripheral vascular, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular disease. The persistent hyperglycemia results in extended damage including endothelial markers, oxidative stress, and is associated with complications such as nephropathy, neuropathy, cardiovascular disease, retinopathy, etc. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a significant social and economic burden which is identified by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia) due to insulin resistance, insulin secretion, or both. Trial registration The protocol of the study was recorded in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180712040438N3). The evidence from our study revealed that Taurine supplementation significantly reduced insulin and HOMA-IR, as well as oxidative stress, inflammation, and endothelial markers in individuals with T2DM. In addition, the Taurine group had fewer serum levels of endothelial dysfunction markers than the placebo group. There was a significant decline in MDA, TNF, and hs-CRP levels after these eight-week period of Taurine supplementation. However, Taurine supplementation did not improve other metabolic parameters including lipid profiles, glycated hemoglobin, and fasting blood glucose (FBG). The secondary outcome was dietary intake, anthropometric indices, serum insulin and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid profile.Īfter 8 weeks, Taurine-supplemented patients had a considerable decrease in serum insulin and HOMA-IR compared to placebo group. The primary outcome was fasting blood glucose (FBG) and endothelial markers including sera intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM), and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9). Moreover, all patients were on a low-calorie diet. In the current clinical trial, 120 patients with T2DM were randomly allocated to take either Taurine (containing 1 g Taurine, n = 60) or placebo (n = 60) three times per day for an eight-week period. Our purpose was to investigate the effect of Taurine supplementation on endothelial dysfunction markers, oxidative stress, inflammation, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). ![]() Taurine supplementation as a sulfur-containing amino acid may attenuate and/or alleviate diabetes-induced complications and endothelial dysfunction via its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. ![]()
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